Calculators

Minimum Detectable Signal in Flux Density and Antenna Temperature
Tsys		K
nσ
Aeff		m2
B		kHz
t		seconds
nf		data folding layers
D		2 if Dicke switch used, 1 if not
k	1.3806488E-23	J/K
ΔSmin =
ΔTmin =
Tsys includes the galactic background, receiver noise, source signal, everything
nσ is the number of standard deviations required for rigorous detection of a signal (usually 3 or 5)
Aeff is the effective aperture of the telescope
B is the pre-detection bandwidth of the receiver
t is the post-detection integration time constant
nf is the number of layers if data folding is employed, otherwise nf = 1